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Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors Air Charge Temperature Sensors Ported Vacuum Switches Map Sensors

What They Do: Measure coolant temperature What They Do: Measure air temperature in the What They Do: Act as a thermostatic switch, What They Do: Signal computer to adjust timing

and signal computer to adjust air/fuel mixture. intake manifold and signal computer to adjust controlling EGR Valve, heat riser, vacuum and air/fuel ratio based on the amount of pressure

air/fuel mixture. advance and other vacuum controlled devices. in the intake manifold.

Failure Symptoms: Poor performance and

economy and hard starting. Watch for service Failure Symptoms: ‘Check Engine’ light is on Failure Symptoms: Poor performance and Failure Symptoms: Poor performance and

light or ‘Check Engine’ light. continuously, hesitation, poor mileage or strong economy. Surging, chugging and engine knock. economy. Black smoke, stalling, surging and

exhaust odour. catalytic converter overheating can occur.

Maintenance/Service: Inspect every 12,000 to Maintenance/Service: Inspect for damage

15,000 miles. Old coolant or improper coolant Maintenance/Service: Inspect for damage or every 6,000 to 8,000 miles. Check for cracked Maintenance/Service: Inspect during tune-up.

level may make the sensor inoperable or give contamination when trouble codes indicate or broken nozzles. Function test if engine Look for misrouted, collapsed, cracked or clogged

false readings. problem in the circuit. overheats. vacuum lines. Check terminals or broken wires.

Choke Pull-Offs Idle Speed Controls Fuel Pressure Regulators Fuel Injectors

What They Do: Slightly open choke plate What They Do: Move throttle linkage to maintain What They Do: Maintain proper fuel pressure. What They Do: Meter and atomize pressurized

to allow air to enter carburettor on cold start-up. idle speed under various load conditions. fuel delivered to the engine.

Failure Symptoms: Excessive cranking on

Failure Symptoms: Hard starting, rich fuel Failure Symptoms: Engine stalling. start up. Hesitation on acceleration. Failure Symptoms: Hard starting, poor

mixture, rough cold-running engine. performance and economy.

Maintenance/Service: Inspect for corrosion Maintenance/Service: Check rail pressure at

Maintenance/Service: Inspect on engine on terminals, check for proper operation and each tune-up. Replace if pressure is low. Maintenance/Service: Inspect every 25,000

tune-up. Check when cold-running problems adjust with each tune-up. miles or when engine driveability problems occur.

occur.